Caterpillar and Komatsu: A Mission Statement Evaluation Essay

Caterpillar and Komatsu are two of the largest heavy equipment manufacturers in the world with total revenue of over $29.1 billion dollars for fiscal year 2001 between the two companies. Caterpillar was established in 1925 after Benjamin Holt and Daniel Best merged their two companies, both of which had been in business for over 35 years each. Komatsu was founded in 1921 when Komatsu Iron Works was spun off as an independent corporation from Takeuchi Mining Industry, Ltd. Both companies, Caterpillar and Komatsu, have since established themselves in the market as leaders of heavy equipment manufacturing. A review of the websites and mission statements for each company speaks volumes about the company and their philosophy towards doing business. Each mission statement was evaluated for the following components as per the UniModule for the course: Customers, Products or services, Markets, Technology, Concern for survival, growth and profitability, Philosophy, Self-concept, Concern for public image and Concern for employees. Additionally, each mission statement, as well as the company web site and company reports, was reviewed to determine how the priorities of the stockholders were addressed. Caterpillar Caterpillar has both a vision and a mission to drive their company. The vision is basically stated, â€Å"Be the global leader in customer value† (Caterpillar). This basic statement drives the four different aspects of the mission and the company as a whole. The vision also shows a strong concern for survival and growth with a forward-looking vision to the future. In addition, a basic vision such as this also drives the philosophy of the company as they strive to be the best in their market. The first section of the mission statement is as follows: Caterpillar will be the leader in providing the best value in machines,  engines and support services for customers dedicated to building the world’s infrastructure and developing and transporting its resources. We provide the best value to customers. (italics as included in statement) (Caterpillar) As this section states, Caterpillar believes in supporting the customer through all aspects of its operations. This section also addresses Caterpillar’s philosophy in their products and services by providing the best value to their customers. The second section of the mission statement states: Caterpillar people will increase shareholder value by aggressively pursuing growth and profit opportunities that leverage our engineering, manufacturing, distribution, information management and financial services expertise. We grow profitably. (italics as included in statement) (Caterpillar) This section addresses Caterpillar’s concern for shareholder value by directly addressing their goals to increase value as part of the statement, and not as an afterthought. The simple line, â€Å"We grow profitably† shows a strong faith in their future as a company. The third section read: Caterpillar will provide its worldwide workforce with an environment that stimulates diversity, innovation, teamwork, continuous learning and improvement and rewards individual performance. We develop and reward people. (italics as included in statement) (Caterpillar) A strong concern for the employees is shown in this section of the mission statement. According to the Caterpillar website, the company offers extensive training and employee development, as well as a multitude of benefits for their employees. The final section of the mission statement is as follows: Caterpillar is dedicated to improving the quality of life while sustaining the quality of our earth. We encourage social responsibility. (italics as included in statement) (Caterpillar) Finally, Caterpillar addresses their concern for the public image of the company by addressing environmental and social issues in their mission statement. Caterpillar is involved in several environmental and social projects in the communities that they are a part of, whether in the United States or around the world. Overall, the vision and mission statement for Caterpillar is strong and clear, providing a valuable direction for the company in all aspects of their operation. Komatsu Komatsu has established a basic mission statement as well as a Code of Worldwide Business Conduct (Code) booklet that helps to guide the company in its global business dealings. This Code is updated annually to reflect any new or changed information that may affect how the company performs on a global level. The mission statement, which is actually an opening statement by the president of the company, Masahiro Sakane, reads as follows: Komatsu is committed to Quality and Reliability as the very cornerstones of its management to maximize its corporate value. Through business activities, we at Komatsu work to enhance the corporate value of Komatsu for shareholders and all other stakeholders by promoting activities to become a Strong Company, while simultaneously observing the â€Å"Rules of the Business Community (the Rules)† and fulfilling the responsibility of corporate citizenship to become a Good Company. In this manner, I believe that we can improve the Quality and Reliability of management and employees. (Komatsu) By breaking down the opening statement, as well as the pertinent sections of the Code, we can evaluate the company’s means for addressing the different  requirements from the UniModule. A driving force behind the Code is the strong commitment to quality and reliability for their products. This is addressed in the management direction section of the code, which provides five guidelines for enhancing quality and reliability. The first guideline directly addresses the customers’ needs and concerns, as well as the product and/or services themselves, by â€Å"constantly providing safe and innovative products/service and systems from the viewpoint of our customers.† (Komatsu) Additionally, product safety is mentioned as one of the main aspects for quality and reliability. According to Komatsu, â€Å"all employees place the highest priority for assurance of safety when engaging in development, production, procurement, sales, service and all other stages.† (Komatsu) References Caterpillar Company Information. Mission. Caterpillar. Retrieved on June 20, 2002 from the World Wide Web: http://www.cat.com/about_cat/company_information/03_mission/mission.html Komatsu Code of Business Conduct. Komatsu, Inc. Retrieved June 20, 2002 from the World Wide Web: http://www.komatsu.com/profile/index.html

: ) Presentation on Science

The value of science †¢ Science is man’s most powerful weapon, with which man has freed himself from the yoke of ignorance and subsequent fear. Science is man’s treasure house, which has constantly provided him with vitality, hopes, ambitions, understanding and insights †¢ We are in the age of science and technology. Man cannot live without the aid of science. Science has so much engulfed our lives that nothing can take place in our day to day work without the help of science. Our food, transport, learning, administration, recreation and social life are all linked with science in various ways. To answer the question whether science has come to mankind as a boon or as a use for ruin (bane), one should know what science exactly means. Science is said to be a systematic classification of experiences. We, men wonder at the various things and events happening around us. We get doubts; what are they? These questions are the basic seeds for science. Then starts the t hinking, reasoning, analysis, synthesis, comparison and contrast and finally the truth emerges †¢ Leaving that apart, another creation of science is pollution of the environment. Industrialization with the aid of science has polluted air, water, food and the atmosphere.The ozone layer is giving threatening signals. So here is a case for man to consider science as a cause of ruin. The aim of science is search for truth, and to know things, hitherto unknown. A scientist does not accept ideas, simply because, they were accepted by others earlier. Great discoveries are a result of reasoning. A lot of patience and observation are required. Civilization, as it is today, is the result of a number of discoveries made in the field of science. The invention of them simple wheel has resulted in our modern industrialization. †¢ The aim of science is search for truth, and to know things, hitherto unknown.A scientist does not accept ideas, simply because, they were accepted by others ea rlier. Great discoveries are a result of reasoning. A lot of patience and observation are required. Civilization, as it is today, is the result of a number of discoveries made in the field of science. The invention of them simple wheel has resulted in our modern industrialization. When the universe reveals more secrets to man by means of science, there is hope that the present man will become a superman and eventually science would be only a boon and not a bane of his life. Science without conscience is death of the soul.

The Buddha Image: A Foundation for Attachment

Madeline Brisbane Buddhism Course Assignment 11/16/11 The Buddha Image: A Foundation for Attachment According to Freedburg, the author of The Power of Images, a figure resembling human form â€Å"enables the reconstitution of life† and makes â€Å"the absent present and the dead alive† (p. 11)1. An image preserves the aura of the person it resembles, and therefore allows for an eternal essence to remain after death. Within the realm of Buddhism, images of the Buddha serve a wide variety of spiritual and practical purposes. For some, keeping a Buddha image in their home is a sign of respect.Others find it comforting and peaceful to look at a Buddha image. In some parts of the world, specifically Southeast Asia, the Buddha image is a symbol of supernatural power and protection, and is essential to the efficacy of rituals. If a ritual fails to succeed in the absence of a Buddha image, then there must be an interdependency between images and ritualistic success. And if an i nterdependency exists, then the entire concept contradicts the Buddha's teaching of non-attachment because the ritual becomes attached to the presence of a Buddha image.Through an analysis of he origins and evolution of the use of Buddha images and relics in Southeast Asia, it would appear that an obsession with the presence of a Buddha image has emerged, conflicting with Buddha's teaching about non-attachment. As the second Noble Truth states, attachment is the origin of suffering. Therefore, to foster an interdependency between images and ritualistic success would go against the most fundamental values of Buddhism.In order to maintain the most basic ideals of Buddhism, the Buddha image must only serve as a reminder of the Buddha's presence rather than s a necessary component of practicing rituals effectively. To image the Buddha is not a modern concept; the Buddha must have always been imagined through stories, myths, and symbols. However, there are many legends surrounding the or igins or the first Buddha image. The most relevant theory regarding the original Buddha image to Southeast Asia is the story of the sandalwood statue.The story appears in many Buddhist texts that emerged over time throughout Asia. Most relevant to Southeast Asia is the Pali text from Sri Lanka recounted in the Kosala-Bimba-Vannana. In ummary, the story claims that after King Pasanedi of Kosala arrived to the Jetavana monastery to visit the Buddha only to find the Buddha away on a Journey, he leaves in disappointment. He returns later and tells the Buddha that to he would like to â€Å"have an image made in the likeness of the Tathagata†¦ for the benefit of the whole world. 2 The Buddha then adds that those who build an image of the Buddha will â€Å"accrue a great, immeasurable, incalculable benefit. â€Å"3 Upon seeing the gilded, yellow- robed statue, with the Buddha's teaching inscribed into the statue, the Buddha xpands on the praiseworthy benefits ot making Buddha image s . These benefits include avoiding rebirth into Buddhist hells; being reborn into wealthy families; and eventually attaining enlightenment. Within the statue, the dharma and the Buddha image are â€Å"cohesively conjoined. 4From this ancient tale, it is clear that the first Buddha image was built based on the kings desire to feel the presence of the Buddha even when he was not physically present. The need to feel the Buddha's presence has survived thousands of years, as many Buddhists still cherish the Buddha image as a reminder of his prevailing presence. Despite the non-theistic nature of early Buddhism, the dedication that followers of the path have to keeping Buddha images around illustrates that they worshipped and continue to worship the Buddha greatly.They cherish the notion of feeling the Buddha's presence at all times. The Theravada branch of Buddhism exemplifies the extent to which the Buddha's presence is valued by followers of the path. As Theravada ascended into South east Asia from Sri Lanka after the eleventh century B. C. E. , vernacular traditions ecame increasingly popular. In nature, Theravada Buddhism worships the historical model of the Buddha as a superhuman capable of miraculous deeds.Relics were therefore treasured as objects of magical power that allowed an â€Å"actual physical connection to the Buddha† because they were either part of the Buddha's body or came into physical contact with it. 5 Because it became impossible to exist in the presence of the Buddha in his physical form after his death, inserting a relic into an image became a way to restore the physical presence of the Buddha. In doing so, he image would supposedly provide protection against evil forces. However, when the Buddha image is revered for its supernatural protective strength, the Buddha image becomes a controversial concept.It seems that the more recent traditions of magical expectation and anticipation associated with Buddha images and relics has caused a shift away from the historical emphasis on the original monastic view of high moral responsibility and spiritual practice. Instead of following one's own karmic duties of doing good in order to receive good or trusting one's own ability to practice ituals successfully the old-fashioned way, the presence of the Buddha image during ritual has turned into a necessity for many Buddhists.If the presence of a Buddha image is necessary for rituals to work properly, then there has to an interdependency between the Buddha image and ritualistic success. Western scholar Donald Swearer, author of Becoming the Buddha, argues that â€Å"the Buddha must be†¦ present for the ritual to be efficacious for the dhamma to flourish, and for the sangha to prosper. † Moreover, scholar David Eckel makes the point that â€Å"people experience mental nguish when they cannot see the Buddha. 6 Wouldn't the creation of images therefore foster an attachment between humans and objects?This correlat ion between the Buddha image and the effectiveness of rituals, the dharma, and the sangha makes the Buddha image a very powerful entity. There is even an association between kings and material symbols of the Buddha, particularly relics and images. There is a Thai custom of swearing allegiance to the king in front of the Emerald Buddha image; the Buddha image can therefore be seen as a symbol of power and not Just a representation of the Buddha. Furthermore, the Buddha image is presently interpreted as a sign of respect and a way for devotees to make merit; â€Å"the Buddha's field of merit is operative†¦ hrough his continued post-Nibbana presence in his relics and images. â€Å"7 It Buddha images currently tunction as a means to validate the effectiveness of rituals and to make merit, then there is an undeniable interdependency between the Buddha image and the success of rituals as an expression of religious devotion, and therefore an attachment between the two. Due to the fa ct that non-attachment is one of the most fundamental values established ithin Buddhism, to classify the Buddha image as a necessity would be to diverge from Buddhism altogether.In simpler terms, to be dependent on the Buddha image is to form an attachment with it, and to form an attachment is to defy the basic ideals of Buddhism. Thus, the evolution of the Buddha image as a means of preserving the Buddha's presence into an entity that is necessary for the proper execution of rituals and spiritual success, then we can no longer categorize this concept as an appropriate element of Buddhism. The Four Noble truths are the essence of the Buddhist path, and to defy them is to defy Buddhism altogether.

Human Resource Systems Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Human Resource Systems - Assignment Example Empowering employees and organizing around teams are aimed by BMW for facilitating communication and making it easier for decisions to be made. It helps the company to respond quickly to customer's needs and it's competitor's challenges. It helps them learn to prioritize tasks and reduce job stress. A workforce that is knowledgeable and skilled at doing complex things keeps a company competitive and attracts investments. Improved productivity means fewer people, less money, less time, less space and fewer resources. Bonuses are given to workers on giving superb ideas related to cutting cost savings, as they are directly involved in production. BMW prefers increased participation from the worker's side. They must give at least three ideas with eight hundred pound for each idea and to qualify for full annual bonus up to two hundred and sixty six pounds. This is done to save 3.6 M annually. The company has also increased workers pay from 2,500 pounds to 4,500 pounds. Many of the workers are hired on temporary basis and working days are fixed to seven-day operation. Working time account was introduced in the company and workers were paid even when the plant remained shut for retooling. The hours missed were made up later. The company provided ease to the workers by giving them the opportunity to take off over time later as holidays. The company saved more than six ... The main goal of the company is to cut cost and improve productivity. BMW consider people as a source of competitive advantage. There is quality of work life at the company that is; employee participation, career development, conflict resolution, communication, wellness, job security, safe environment and pride. Staffing, retention, development, adjustment and change management are the activities, which are successfully implemented at BMW. It maximizes the corporate profits through the better management and use of people as a result of which the company has achieved high profits. As workers are directly involved in production and they have more knowledge about the technical aspects so they are involved in decision making by telling them to give ideas related to cutting costs. Incentives are provided on each idea and the implementation of these ideas gives pride and satisfaction to the workers. BMW believes that happy and satisfied workers are more productive. The workers enjoy social security as fair compensation plans are used by the company to reward workers. The company facilitates and encourages performance by providing sufficient rewards that employees really value. Employees are not over burdened by making them to work for long hours. The environment facilitates their work. Thus competency-based pay is provided to them based upon their skills, depth of knowledge and the work accomplished by them. Performance incentives are provided to them and they get reasonable chance to gain high salary. The link between performance and rewards is high. Workload standards have been set in the company and the work is assigned equitably. There is a philosophy of co-operation and involvement. By successful implementation of HR Systems and practices BMW has achieved enhanced

Career Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Career Research - Essay Example Aside from regular record keeping, being the contact person with insurance companies, and preparing patients for an exam, the medical assistant can also be of minor help to the doctor during simple clinical procedures. The job requirements for a medical assistant is not as stringent as one might believe. It only requires a 2-year degree and some previous work experience in order to get started. It is said that there will be a tremendous job growth in the area according to the Bureau of Labot Statistics due to the increase in the number of doctors and practical nurses. Therefore, being a medical assistant can turn out to be lucrative career for those involved in it in the future. I am looking forward to discussing my application further with you at your most convenient time. You may contact me in through my mobile phone at 123456789 or via email at web@next.net. I will also make a follow up call to your company next Wednesday regarding my

Software Testing Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Software Testing - Research Proposal Example ording to David-at-el (1998), software testing is complicated and expensive and sometimes considered as a more time consuming part of overall system development life cycle. In this scenario the most of testing stages and activities are overlooked to deploy the system on time. Additionally, for cost saving and delivering system on due date system development team eliminates the system testing phase by minimizing few testing phases. However, sometime this action leads to problems in overall software working and handling for instance, the developed system has hidden bugs that appear during the system working and create problems for the system user(s). This type of problems leads toward the system failure or even working malfunction (Banks et al., 1998; Taipale & Smolander, 2006). 6 According to Mihnea & Constantinescu (2008), IT managers and professionals can have different opinions regarding a lot of software development principles, however the majority of them agree on one point that software we deliver has to be correct as well as reliable. In this scenario the successful software development groups have previously recognized that efficient testing is necessary to achieve this goal. In addition, researches have shown that most of software working and operational risks are due to some testing related problems (Mihnea & Constantinescu, 2008; Gelperin & Hetzel, 1988). In this scenario there is a vital need for the effective testing. My research is aimed at offering a group of testing techniques that will effectively manage and handle the software problems. The aim of this research is to offer a comprehensive and effective set of software testing techniques, types and execution framework. 7 Gallagher (2000) stated that testing is not quality assurance. It is examined that effectively tested software that was incompetently designed, poorly conceived as well as unconcernedly programmed will end up a well-tested, bad product. Though, software testing has long been one

Evaluate critically the historical development of the interventions of Essay

Evaluate critically the historical development of the interventions of the UK government in sports policy; do political ideologies impact modern sport - Essay Example sports which entailed the creation of rules and regulations in the play of the sports and that this element of sports started only during the 19th century (Guttmen, 2008). Another factor that contributed to this shift is the direct governmental intervention in sports during the early part of the twentieth century, which has been made more manifest after World War 1 and at the onset of globalisation (Houlihan, 2002). One of the earliest governmental interventions in sports is the passage of policies prohibiting blood sports. Great Britain and United States are the first two countries who have implemented this policy (Houlihan, 2008). In fact until now, boxing is still banned in Sweden (Houlihan, 2008) What is significant and distinct about the direct involvement of the government in sports is the idea that the state has started to intervene on what sports is to be promoted and what is to be outlawed. In fact, after World War I, the state has found more reasons to become directly invol ved in sports because sports have been valued as a good way for the military to be physically fit (Houlihan, 2002). Although this is no longer a popular reason for state involvement in sports, it cannot be denied that the military reason for physical fitness and training has become an important policy in sports development from 1920s until 1980s (Houlihan, 2002). In the more recent years, the state involvement in sports has been motivated by the concept of social integration and cohesion (Houlihan, 2002). Social integration has been claimed to be a loose term that covers diverse policies which ranges from â€Å"combating juvenile delinquency, establishing a sense of community during rapid periods of urbanization the integration of diverse ethnic groups† (Houlihan, 2002: 215). While others have maintained that the social integration of sports is not just a means to attain social stability in the face of rapid developments and changes but that it is â€Å" defined as integrati on in the work

The film Gandhi Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The film Gandhi - Movie Review Example One of the core precipitating factors of this film was that this film did not only promise to be a great historical venture but the movement occurred at a time where the threat of nuclear holocaust was surrounding the world. Even that did not stop Gandhi from fighting for the freedom movement and it also reminded us that humans are certainly capable of achieving the impossible through their imagination and through their civic rights.Mobilizing People for ActionThough it was initially ignored by the British rulers they soon realized that Gandhi has been able to ignite a spark among the Indians and had started a movement for liberty. The film is historically accurate in this regard as Gandhi went to hunger-strike and non-violent protests to achieve his motive but never tried to use violence to achieve his goals. There is even a scene in the film where several Gandhi followers march forward to be beaten to the ground by the British during their non-violent protest. According to Attenbor ough (1982), Gandhi did want to liberate India from the British but wanted to achieve this motive without any bloodshed and he did propel his citizens to follow the path of Satyagraha (The right path). Mohandas Gandhi stood at the epicenter of all the movement. However, there were some complexities which are implicit in this issue. Though India did liberate itself from the British it had all came at the expense of the conflict among Hindus and Muslims of India and Pakistan.

Elisa aims and method need to be paraphrase Essay

Elisa aims and method need to be paraphrase - Essay Example This difference is made clear through the drawing of a standard curve, by making use of concentrations that are known; belonging to antibodies of Rabbit IgG. e. Incubation was done on different amounts of rabbit IgG. Micotiter plates were then cleaned by use of washing buffer, three times; and washed again after blocking them with blocking buffer. They then were refrigerated, ready for use in the practical. 1- For the monoclonal antibodies, the left half of the plate got used.As in the illustration below in a picture with blue colour; in the first column, 200ul of monoclonal mouse anti-rabbit IgG was added. 100ul of diluents buffer PBS was then filled to columns 2 and 6, for the monoclonal antibodies as in the below illustration. 2- Then, 100ul of mouse anti-rabbit got transferred from A1 to A6 inorder to have the sample diluted and from well A6 100ul of mouse anti rabbit IgG antibody thrown away. A repeat of the process was done on the rest of the

Symbol for Advertising Essay Example for Free

Symbol for Advertising Essay In communicating, advertisers have a thought to share with their audiences. The exact thought or message can only be shared if oneness of thought is achieved. The difficulty is that thought cannot simply be picked up and placed in another persons head. Thus, a communicator must select some symbols or sign that both sender and receiver can understand the same thing. Businesses, groups and individuals use trademarks, logos and symbols to generate brand awareness in public forums. It will easier for people to recognize a product, business or individual by simply associating them with their trademark. Sign, symbols, and Logos are a graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and even individuals to aid and promote instant public recognition. Sign, symbols, or Logos are either purely graphic or are composed of the name of the organization. Sign, symbols, and Logos have been used for thousands of years all around the world. Numerous inventions and techniques have contributed to the contemporary logo, including cylinder seals (c. 2300 BCE), coins (c. 600 BCE), trans-cultural diffusion of logographic languages, coats of arms, watermarks, silver hallmarks and the development of printing technology. The most successful logos are best described as being ones where the actual sign doesn’t even need to be specifically noticed, because when people see a product or group they will instantly associate that product or group with their trademark or symbol within their own minds. However, for an emblem to be considered as one of the most recognizable marks, it would have to be easily identifiable by people the world over. While there are millions of symbols being used worldwide, only a handful of them can be considered truly universal and recognizable by individuals from around the world. The example of advertising uses sign or symbols to communicate advertising massage is Nike. In 1964, Nike originally known as Blue Ribbon Sports, was founded by partners Phil Knight and Bill Bowerman in order to distribute a line of Japanese track shoes called Onitsuka Tiger, but as this relationship was drawing to an end the company’s name was changed to the world famous Nike. By 1971, Nike was preparing to open its first store baring its new name and the famous Swoosh logo that was designed by J. B. Strasser. Through a well-managed combination of advertising, marketing and endorsement deals, Nike’s Swoosh became known throughout the world as the leader in sport’s apparel and sports equipment the world over. Nike swoosh logo is one of the most popular logo in the world. People just see the swoosh logo and they will know that is Nike because they put many advertisement that speak to the entire genre. In Nike’s advertisement, they usually have famous athletes using Nike equipment such as shoes, shirt, and shorts. For example, they choose Tiger Woods to be a presenter of Nike golf, or choose Torres to be presenter of Nike football. However, Nike’s advertisement can impact consumer because they will think that they will play sports better if they are using Nike product. This is because they saw their favorite athlete using Nike product and said that these products make them better. They might miss understand that to be a great athlete must work hard not just have goo equipment. Nike’s advertisement comes with a nice slogan â€Å"Just do it†. This slogan is a well know slogan and usually comes with Nike swoosh logo. This slogan affects people around the world. The good thing is that this slogan inspires people to do something that they never do it before or want to do it but scare to do. This slogan can change consumer mind and make them start to do something benefit for them. It is a good thing for society and inspires many people. Nikes advertisement like any other business’s that requires interpretation. Some of this reading goes on at the conscious level, some unconsciously. As opposed to extremists on either side of the interpretative question, I fall most nearly to the constructivist point of view in that I view meaning as interplay between text and the reader. Chandler writes, Texts are full of indeterminacies which require the readers active interpretation. We must draw not only on our knowledge of language, but on our knowledge of the world. Thus, readers of advertisements bring with them a surface knowledge of the language as well as a set of preconceived ideas about how to relate the ad to them. Advertising work on a variety of different levels including, but not limited to sign typology, paradigmatic meaning, psychological appeals, emotion, roles, values/beliefs, and knowledge. The impact of an advertisement comes from the interplay between these various aspects of make-up and the readers own notions about them and the world. For example, the stamen â€Å"Test Your Faith in Nike advertisement, the readers find themselves thrust into the schema of religious worship. Not only must the viewer literally look up to the runner, but also they receive the imperative to Test your faith. The runner pictured appears in the midst of a run and rests easy in the knowledge of his own god-like attention to fitness. Likewise, the runner has no identity beyond his role in the ad. We cannot see his face but it giving him an added element of the unknown divine. People feel cowed looking from a subordinate position at the figure of the runner in his element. The text implies a direct connection between exercising and religious questioning. The writers seem to suggest an element of transcendence possible in exercise, as well as the need to continually question who we are in relation to our gods and what we hold most sacred. For the runner in the ad, exercise is the object of sanctity. The reader might inhabit a different role by placing themselves as the runners in the ad itself. Transported from reading a magazine to the middle of a run, filled with the sensual pleasure of using ones body. The readers identify themselves as the taster of faith and finding the purity of exercise within the soul. They can accept a measure of hearty self-congratulation. With the statement that Nike tries to capture the passion and even the moral force of sport and reify it in Nike’s product, consumers can begin to understand the ideology that goes toward selling Nike’s product. Tying into the religious matrix once more, Nikes become iconic signifiers of faith, personal health, and social inclusion. Nike proffers cultural belonging, the promise of individual athletic achievement, and dreams of parity with the worlds greatest athletes. Operating on a series of different levels of human understanding, Nikes advertisements actively seek the emotional response necessary to sell shoes, but more importantly, to propagate and sustain the fitness culture. What Nike did with their advertisement is clever because they can both selling products and inspiring people in the same time. However, there are many products that use this technique of advertising in the wrong way by making consumer change their mind misunderstand the ability of the products. For example, some coffee products in Thailand said in their advertisement that if you want to have a good shape, drinks our coffee. Consumer will think that this coffee can make them thinner and have a good shape, so they will buy these products. This is one kind of advertising fraud and the government should stop these kind of advertisement that make people misunderstand about the product. What these coffees can do when people drink it is only to make people defecate and make them full. So, it might help people to have a good shape but people needs to know that in the advertisement no only know that drinking these coffee will make them in a better shape. Moreover, they needs to tell consumer that people cannot have a good shape by drinking these coffees without exercise and control their eating. The government should focus more about the deep meaning of the advertisement so people in Thailand will not misunderstand by this type of advertisement.

Strategic Management Accounting and applying it

Strategic Management Accounting and applying it With the rapid development of the global economy, traditional management accounting has been difficult to meet the business strategic management and requirements. Strategic Management Accounting(SMA) for the modern enterprise is of great significance. However, it is a new techniques and approaches. Although strategic management accounting has been developed over 20 years, the SMA is still debatable. In addition, a number of scholars have experienced to define what SMA is, however, the opinions of the scholars is still not yet able to be generalized. Yet, strategic management accounting is still at the exploratory stage. Management accounting plays a crucial role in the business world. It provides important advice in order to make decision for the firms in the western society. The costs of offering excellent products strategically need to be fully integrated into the enterprise cost system and being reported by these systems. Management accounting helps monitoring the performance of the management. Therefore, the customers can then be securely kept in the same market. This could also be helpful on understanding the market in a better way. Strategic management market aims to obtain the information of the rivals in the same market; this provides support to their business when making decision since the owner could adjust their budget plan according the reports of the strategic management market. Strategic management accounting is recently developed in management accounting. It involved in planning, control and requires financial information. In the strategic management planning and control systems, R.N.Anthony believes that there are two different oriented processes which are externally and internally. Externally oriented process is a financial accounting. Moreover, an internally oriented process is including strategic planning, management control and operational control. During the strategic planning process, it is the role of formulating strategy and it emphasis on planning. Planning defines aims, objectives and targets of organizations and also does formulation, evaluation and selection of policies, strategies, tactics and actions to achieve them. The orientation is planning outside the organization which is relating to the organizations environment. Secondly, after strategic planning, management control would be followed. The main function of this process is implementing strategy which can be a part of the planning. In the final stage, operational control is mainly responsible for controlling however also performing the tasks as well as planning. In this process it ensure that resources and obtained and used effectively and efficiently to achieve organizational goals and procedures adhered to or appropriate remedial action taken. It normally occurs within the organization. Strategy orientated accounting complements the traditional concerns of the West accounting. It focuses on the additional costs in order to maintain competitive advantages of enterprises of actual and potential rivals. It focuses on the cost impact enterprise products and marketing strategies and it can be seen as an essence for success in todays meeting the challenges of an increasingly global market. Generally speaking, such re-orientation is another license management accounting focused on the value of consumer generated relative to its competitors. It also helps monitoring the companys performance in the market variables using a series of strategic decisions over the horizon which would be long enough to achieve the strategic plan. These concepts form the core of the new concept of SMA. In addition, there are 12 strategic management accounting practices. They are competitive position monitoring, strategic pricing, competitor performance appraisal, competitor cost assessment, strat egic costing, value-chain costing, brand value monitoring brand value budgeting, attribute costing, quality costing, life-cycle costing and target costing. However, the main methods in SMA which are strategic costing, target costing and product life-cycle. Although there are a lot of practices, there is still of a lower usage and recognized by a couple of organizations. In 1981, Ken Simmonds has firstly proposed the strategic management accounting, he developed the SMA definition. After his speech, SMA has been concerned day by day. In the speech, he mentioned to collect management accounting information about a business and the competitors for the uses in developing and monitoring the business strategy. He argues that management accounting should be more outward looking and should help the emphasis to place upon relative levels and trends in real costs and prices, cash flow, market share and stewardship of the resources available to the business. It can be developed and controlled the enterprise strategic. Ken Simmonds suggested that profits are not from internal efficiencies but from the companys competitive position in its market. He raised several ideas for the application of SMA in the business. He stressed the importance of the learning curve with respect to achieve strategic advantage by forecasting cost reductions and thus selling price reductions of competitors. He also drew attention to the importance of early experience to the new product as a meaning to give a unique advantage over competitors. Major competitor should be able to reduce the sales price of the products which should further increase its production and enhance its market share; which eventually force some competitors to leave the industry. Secondly, Simmonds shows that the cost-volume-profit relationship of competitors could predict the price response and management accounting functions to help assessing the cost structure of each major competitor and relating this to their prices. In addition to handling costs and prices, Simmonds concentrated on volume and market share by monitoring the movement of the market share as the main products, companies can see if it is acquired or lost status and competitors will show different strength in the market share. Including detailed information on the market, management accounting report will help to enable more strategic management accounting-related. Simmonds suggested that the market share of the statements may be included in managed accounts. He believes that SMA will develop in management accounting in the future. One of the main advocates of Strategic Management Accounting is M.E. Porter(1985). His argument on strategic management is considered as the important information. Porter mentions a two pronged approach. First, he assessed various aspects of the industrys long-term profitability. He believes the five competitive forces will contribute to strategic balance. This is a threat to new entrants, substitute products or services enter the market, competition among existing institutions within the industry, bargaining power of suppliers and consumers. These five forces fully reflect the competitiveness of many enterprises in an increasingly competitive. However, Porter has also raised the question of the relative position of the enterprise in the industry. This issue is important because it affects the ability of enterprises to create profits above or below the industry average. Returns may be higher than average to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. This is achieved by three basic generic strategies which are cost leadership, differentiation and focus. Cost leadership means that companies intended to serve as the lowest cost of production in the industries. This is achieved by economies of scale; capital of the experience curve effect, tight cost control and cost minimization. Also, the company aims to provide a number of different levels of product and service value to customers. It can generate a premium price. This is the differentiation part. Focus is another part of the bargaining power which concerns about the cost and differentiation focus. Porter mentioned that the value chain is needed to determine the future of the practice of strategic management accounting. Value is the customer willing to pay which is a function of the image products. In the value chain, there are nine elements. Some of these cost drivers may be controllable. The nine elements of the value chain can also be separated as either support activities or main activities. For the support activities, they are firm infrastructure, human resources, technology development and procurement. And the main activities are inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales and services. For example, Internal value chain analysis is the objectives of promoting enterprises to eliminate useless operations and reduce waste. The factory analyses the operating level step by step. The main reason is to focus on the market and customer. The operations and the activities of the business-internal price chain analysis enable the cost management of enterprises to maintain the basic operating level, and explore each layer of worth operations, eliminating useless operations. The value of Competitors chain analysis can identify the merits and shortcomings in the company. The conclusion of the market and competitors analysis that compared to the competitors on the market, production quality and diversification may not have too much effect. If the strategic can improve the quality or diversification in product to enhance competitiveness, it would be hard to achieve. On the other hand, if firm blindly relying on low prices to gain market share, it will lead to greater losses. In the analysis, the impact of the cost drivers on each of the elements must be assessed by efforts. Also, there must be a satisfactory margin which produced by the cost of the nine elements. Once this is completed, manager must try to make analysis of their own competitors in the same way. Strategic advantage will be able to establish if the elements of the total cost is less than competitors. It is necessary to adopt a more positive attitude to assess if the profit margins higher than those of competition. If not, it is needed to develop strategies to achieve the low cost advantage by controlling the cost drivers. The cost savings would lead to a reduction on costs or improve productivity. Marketing, sales and service costs may be reduced more efficiently, if the reduction in external fault. An obvious example provides a good customer support services to the public. If a Volkswagen breaks down occurs, while the car is in a warranty period, the rescue vehicles comes out and fix it. If it cannot be fixed, and then provide replacement. This is would be good way handle but the cost would be expensive (C.DRURY, 2008). Shank based on Porter (1985) proposed three generic strategies in order to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Shank also mentions the needs for management accounting to support the enterprises competitive strategy and clarify two different types of competitive strategy the first one is cost leadership and product differentiation. The second one is demand different cost analysis perspective. For example, standard product cost is likely to be a very important tool for management control in the company that pursuing a cost leadership strategy in a mature commodity business. On the contrary, standard product cost is probably not important after the differentiation strategy of enterprises. With the market-driven, there is rapidly changing and fast-growing business. A companys pursuit of product differentiation strategy may require more information than on the cost of the leading about new product innovation, design cycles, research and development expenditures and marketing cost analysis. The difference between the cost leadership and product differentiation which depend on the primary strategic thrust of the firm. Recently, Professor Bromwich(1994) further discusses strategic management accounting and definition of strategic management accounting such as the provision analysis of financial information on the firms product markets, competitors costs, cost structures, the monitoring of the enterprises strategies and those of its competitors in these markets over a number of periods. Bromwich found that SMA is a development of management accounting. This new techniques needed to be further discussed by the accountants in the future. Moreover, Bromwich mentioned that the role of accounting is going to extend in two directions when adding the strategic perspective to traditional management accounting. First, in strategic cost analysis, costs need to integrated into it and thus align costs with strategy. Secondly, in a fairly general way, the cost structure in competitors businesses and to record the changes over time. To achieve this, Bromwich also highlights this distinction identifying two domina nt approaches to SMA. One seeks to cost the product attributes offered by a companys goods. It is to attract customers. The other approach is to cost the functions in the value chain which provide value to the customer. (Bromwich and Bhimani ,1994) In the cost leadership strategy development trends, as well as obsolete the traditional cost accounting. SMA focus is based on the benefits and it is doubtful for the standard costing performance measurement; suspected the use of flexible manufacturing costs, budget control, a worship of the budget; strict adherence to the traditional product cost pricing decisions; one to consider the cost of competitors; the absence of formal consideration of the marketing costs. Roslender (1995) determine the target cost as a domain within strategic management accounting. This is the reason why focus on the external part and this is a market-oriented approach for product pricing and cost management. In addition, it involves the proliferation of management accounting throughout the organization and active participation of staff in a broad range of management functions. Their goal is to achieve the target cost, including the identification, evaluation and use of cost functional analysis of the product attributes and research opportunities to reduce costs throughout the value chain. Moreover, a recent contribution to the role of SMA, emphasizing the management accounting in the development and support the overall competitive strategy of an organization is the Balanced Scorecard. The purpose of the Balanced Scorecard is to encourage behavior consistent with organizational strategy. It includes a comprehensive framework for performance measurement to clarify, com munication and management strategy. (Kaplan and Norton, 1992). He sees SMA as an approach that to account for strategic positioning by the trials to integrate the views from the previous marketing texts into management accounting. Robin Roslender and Susan J.Hart mentions that SMA is intimately associated with both management accounting and marketing management because SMA is on a strategic level who attends to change in the environment outside the enterprise but not limited to this one part of the enterprise, SMA explore the whole industry value chain in the business information and improve the enterprises economic environment. It emphasis that enterprise development and environmental change are consistent, in order to achieve the optimal effectiveness of industry, SMA requires marketing management to collect the information of competitors. The management accountants collect, compare, and analyze the information. The analysis of SMA is depending on the information from marketing management. It is controversial that if it is necessary for the management accountants to handle to the marketing information or the marketing management can obtain the information with their own tool. Innes (1998) believes that strategic management accounting for the provision of information to support strategic decision-making in enterprise. Strategic decision-making usually involves in a long-term period, there is a significant impact on the organization, even though they may have an internal element, and they also have external factors. This definition was introduced that provide information in order to support an organizations principal long-term decisions, such as the use of activity-based costing information, provide the relevant information product structure, the introduction and abandonment decisions are the domain of SMA. This view is support by Cooper and Kaplan (1988) who state that strategic accounting techniques are designed to support the entire organizations competitive strategy. Generally speaking, the power of using information technology is to develop more sophisticated product and service costs. Despite strategic management accounting has received, there is still no comprehensive conceptual framework of what strategic management accounting (Tomkins and Carr, 1996). For example, Coad(1996) states that SMA is an emerging field whose boundaries are loose and there is still no unified view of what it is or how it might develop. The existing literature in the field is both disparate and disjointed (Coad, 1996:332). There is an exception such the survey which conducted by Guilding et al. (2000). The survey sample included 312 large companies. Guilding et al. found that recognition of what is difficult to determine the composition of the strategic management of generally accepted accounting practice. According to the review of the literature, they identified 12 strategic management accounting practices including value-chain costing, strategic costing, target cost, life-cycle costing, attribute costing etc. These are being used to determine the practice, it is a must demonstrate one or more of the following characteristics: the environment and market position focus on competitors; and long-term, forward-looking direction. At the end of the experiment, Guilding et al concluded that 12 strategic management accounting practices are of relatively low usage, there are two factors that should not dismiss their potential. First of all, all the evaluation of SMA practices may be significantly higher than expected utilization of the advantages of scoring points. Secondly, there are still many companies have abandoned the usages of the SMA. These findings showed that there is a difference between the neediness and the actual reports conducted. It finds that there the practicing accountants do not familiar with the usage of the SMA. This gives supports to the findings of Tomkins and Carrs (1996) while they believed that the SMA is ill-defined. In addition, it is still lacking of the strategic management accounting consensus. (Lord, 1996) stated that a number of strands have been used to describe the strategic management accounting. It magnifies the internal focus of traditional management accounting and the external information to competitors. The linkage between the strategic position which decided by the companies and the anticipated emphasis on management accounting and lastly obtaining competitive advantage by interpreting methods to reduce costs or to boost the varieties of the companies goods by exploiting the relationship between the value chains and generalizing the cost drivers. In conclusion Strategic management accounting is recently developed in management accounting. It involved in planning, control and requires financial information. Nevertheless, SMA have not formed a unified knowledge. While some firms may have heard SMA. They may lack for a clear understanding in SMA. Although SMA has lots of different views from various authors. For example, Simmonds is the earliest to introduce the strategic management accounting. He mentions to collect information on business competitors. Than Bormwich has further information SMA is not only to collect information . It still need to Research and competitors on their own competitive advantage and value creation process and research a long-term decision-making cycle in the enterprise perspective, for the marketing of these products and services give enterprises the total revenue. In addition, Porter identified 3 generic strategies in SMA to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. .However ,Innes (1998) believe that strategic management accounting for the provision of information to support strategic decision-making and Cooper and Kaplan (1988) views that Strategic Accounting technology is designed to support the entire organizations competitive strategy to develop more sophisticated products and services costs . On the other hand,lord (1996) identified SMA not only analysis external competitor information but also extend the main point of traditional management accounting. They are all authors who hold different evidence to support their own mind in SMA, so SMA is totally confide, it is remains a mystery .,In my opinion, the main reason of SMA occurs because Economic is developing very fast and SMA is reclamation and atone for traditional management accounting in a new environment. However,SMA has many of obstacles in developing process such as enterprise keep continue to apply the SMA in the practical application and do adjustment and innovation , thereby it can promote the development of SMA application to make it update. So I believe that Although SMA lack of consistent theory at this moment , it will be a big management accounting develop in the future. Bibliographies: Bromwich, M. Accounting information for strategic excellence Bromwich, M.,1990 The case for strategic management accounting : the role of accounting information for strategy in competitive markets.Accounting Organization and Society, Vol 15, No  ½ , pp.27-46 Cadez, S.,2008 An exploratory investigation of an integrated contingency model of strategic management accounting ,Accounting, Organizations and Society,33,pp.836-863 Drury,C. 2008, Management Costing Accounting, 7th ed. , London: South-Western. Horngren,C. T. ,1999,Management and cost accounting London: Prentice Hall, 1999 Lucey,T.,1988 Management accounting 2nd ed. London: DP Publications Roslender,R. and Hart,S.,2003 In search of strategic management accounting : theoretical and field study perspectives .Management Accounting Research 14 , pp.255-279 Ryan, B.,1998, Strategic Accounting for Management 5th ed ,Australia: Thomson Learning Tillmann, K.,2008 Strategic management accounting and sense-making in a multinational company, Management Accounting Research ,19,pp.80-102 Wright, D.,1996 Management accounting London: Longman

Facilities operations management in lloyds tsb

Facilities operations management in lloyds tsb What is Facilities Operations Management Operations management focuses on carefully managing the processes to produce and distribute products and services. Usually, small businesses dont talk about â€Å"operations management†, but they carry out the activities that management schools typically associate with the phrase â€Å"operations management.† Major, overall activities often include product creation, development, production and distribution. Related activities include managing purchases, inventory control, quality control, storage, logistics and evaluations. A great deal of focus is on efficiency and effectiveness of processes. Therefore, operations management often includes substantial measurement and analysis of internal processes. Ultimately, the nature of how operations management is carried out in an organization depends very much on the nature of products or services in the organization, for example, retail, manufacturing, wholesale, etc. Every organisation has an operations function, whether or not it is called ‘operations. The goal or purpose of most organisations involves the production of goods and/or services. Introduction Lloyds TSB Lloyds TSB is a famous and well-known name in United Kingdom especially in Scotland. Lloyds TSB itself was generate in 1995 when the Lloyds Bank and Trustee savings Banks was consent to merge the operations, that time it was the 2nd largest bank in the UK. People also riley for savings BANKS in Scottish heritage. So the Lloyds TSB brand was launched in July 1999. It has 185 branches in Scotland, 3000 branches in all over the UK and internationally 500 offices in 47 countries these all of them backed by the command of the Lloyds Banking Group. This bank has approximately 63,000 employees. (Source: http://www.lloydstsb.com/about_ltsb/lloyds_bank.asp [visited on 11-01-2010]) Responsibilities of facilities managers for staff engaged in facilities operations DAYS AND HOURS OF OPERATION. It shall be the responsibility of the Bank manager to comply with the terms of the permit or the bid announcement regarding the days and hours designated for the facility to be open for business. It is required that the Bank manager be present at least five days and a minimum of thirty (30) hours each week; however, it is not necessary for the manager to be present during all of the hours that the facility is open. Exceptions to this provision must be approved in writing by the appropriate Business Enterprises Supervisor. In the absence of the manager, it is essential that a qualified employee be on duty to ensure that all customers needs are being met and that the facility is otherwise being operated in compliance with all rules and regulations which govern its operation. Managers responsibilties in Operational Aspects In Lloyds TSB Focuses on the line manager as a key stakeholder in the human resource Management process and operational management. Considers the general trend towards devolvement of human resource activities and operational activities to line specialists. Examines issues involved in devolving training, development to the line and operations management with specific emphasis on the potential difficulties. Recent empirical evidence is represented. Concludes that the shape of things to come, at least for the foreseeable future, will be a sharing of responsibilities between the specialist and the line. (Source: Noreen Heraty, Michael Morley) Explain using example responsibility the facilities manager hastowardscustomers using the facility Administrative services managersplan, coordinate, and direct a broad range of services that allow organizations to operate efficiently. They might, for example, coordinate space allocation, facilities maintenance and operations, and major property and equipment procurement. They also may oversee centralized operations that meet the needs of multiple departments, such as information and data processing, mail, materials scheduling and distribution, printing and reproduction, records management, telecommunications management, security, recycling, wellness, and transportation services. Administrative services managers also ensure that contracts, insurance requirements, and government regulations and safety standards are followed and up to date. They may examine energy consumption patterns, technology usage, and personal property needs to plan for their long-term maintenance, modernization, and replacement. Imapct of FACILITY Opeartions on the Bank the part of the treasury organisation that administers and supports the trading activities of the treasury front office. The back offices main functions are to process, confirm, verify, settle, reconcile and record financial market transactions. The back office is also responsible for ensuring that the organisations treasury management policy and controls are followed as well as ensuring general compliance with rules and regulations. In a more general sense, the term refers to all administrative functions that support an organisation and includes areas such as payroll and expenses, accounts payable, accounts receivable and accounting. Bank Relationship Management Represents one of the most important activities of the treasury function as banks are an important corporate resource and are significant financial stakeholders in an organisation/company. Bank relationship management has two main functions: To select and appoint banks according to the companys funding, cash management and risk management requirements. To maintain a consistent dialogue with bank counterparties and to inform them of corporate developments so as to ensure that business is being effected in a manner that is satisfactory to both parties, and that these banks are receptive to the companys needs at all times. Assess the Saturatory Regulations To Facility Operations Statutory regulation exists to protect the publicagainst the risk of poor practice. It works by settingagreed standards of practice and competenceby registering those who are competent to practise and restricting the use of specified protected titles to those who are registered. The Government legislation protects seven titles:Clinical Psychologist,Health Psychologist,Counselling Psychologist,Educational Psychologist,Occupational Psychologist,Sport and Exercise Psychologist, and Forensic Psychologist. To operational managers need to tell to his staff about rules and regulations e.g., definitions, permit requirements e.g., general, inspection or investigation, references, permit requirements, exceptions to the standard; about enforcing regulations e.g., probation, consultation, inspections etc; about enforcing actions e.g. general, violation classification etc; about enforcing action e.g. general, inservice training, health statics etc; about reporting procedure e.g. emergency call number, medical call numbers etc; about fire presentations e.g. arrangements for fire departments response, inspection, evacuation plan, fire response training etc; about facility accommodation, mobile units, severability and general etc etc. Health and Safety rules The fscility operational manager is obliged to comply with the Health and Safety at Work Act, Carry out a thorough risk assessment. Draw up a health and safety policy (in writing if the employ are five or more people). Ensure your workplace meets minimum standards of comfort and cleanliness. Record injuries, accidents and diseases in an accident book. Health and Safety Documentation Required The Lloyds TSB Bank have more than five and that includes the owners and any part-time staff thats why the bank need written healthand safety documentation. The Law requires that you have a written healthand safety policy statement. Linked to this statement will be the arrangements that exist with the bank for dealing with healthand safety. Healthy and Safety Policies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Health Safety Policy StatementsGeneral statement, and policy examples, including contractors   Ã‚  Ã‚  Standard Health Safety and Risk Assessment formsAnnual audit, risk assessment forms plans   Ã‚  Ã‚  Environmental FormsPolicy, assessment checklist action plan and waste disposal note   Ã‚  Ã‚  First Aid, Accidents and DiseaseAccident, investigation, treatment and Riddor report forms   Ã‚  Ã‚  Fire SafetyRisk Assessment forms, policy and procedures and records   Ã‚  Ã‚  Smoke Free, Drugs and Alcohol PoliciesUp-to-date policies governing smoking, drugs and alcohol.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Safe DrivingSave Driving Policy, Guidance for Employees who Drive for Work and Vehicle Checklist   Ã‚  Ã‚  Display Screen EquipmentQuestionnaire, identification eyesight records and risk assessment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Chemical and Hazardous Substances COSHHSafety data, risk assessment and action plan forms   Ã‚  Ã‚  Personal Protection Equipment PPERisk survey and acknowledgement of use   Ã‚  Ã‚  Manual HandlingAssessment checklist control forms, employee assessments and action plan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Equipment MachineryMaintenance records, and risk assessment forms   Ã‚  Ã‚  Hot WorkRisk assessment, action plan and permit forms   Ã‚  Ã‚  Asbestos Containing MaterialsInspection, assessment, action plan, register, control and disposal forms   Ã‚  Ã‚  Disability Discrimination ActAccess audits, checklist, control and action plan forms   Ã‚  Ã‚  Maternity Health SafetyExpectant mother letter and risk assessment form Adding more confidence for maintaining communication to international and national business The key financial functions of international and national banking online, allowing your accounts to monitor, operate and control the transaction aspects of your international and national banking more closely and more effectively than before. Services are offered as individual modules, allowing you to select only those you need. Our international and national services specialists understand that at any rate, clients can keep in touch with transaction, e-commerce is playing an increasingly major role. We can offer you a more efficient way of accessing our range of trade services products via Online Services, designed to improve speed and accuracy for your accounts. Online Trade Services will enable you to manage four main trade service activities online: Import and Export Letters of Credit. Guarantees. Import and Export Collections. Standby Letters of Credit Issued and Received. Controle and Procedure Autorization, autority limits, cash flow forecast, confirmation, counterparty exposure credit, dealing procedure, Electronic Funds Transfer System, execution, Financial Risk Sensitivity Analysis, mandates, recording, reporting, settlement, system log, treasurey control, treasurey management policies, unatorize transaction, and valuation of derivatives do controle and procedure operate by facilities operation manager in the Lloyds TSB Bank. In the capital markets asset back securities, accredited values, accretion, accretion bond, accrual bond,accured interest, advance refunding, agency transaction, agreement among underwriters, all or none, allotment, analyst, arbitrage,ask price, equity ratio, auction market, back to back market, bear transaction, best mid, block trade and bond insurance etc etc are being handled in the Lloyds TSB Bank by the operational facility managers. Facility Managers support to effective Building Management The support of administrative facility management through information technology is identified asComputer Aided Facility Management(CAFM), Facilities Management Systems, or Computerized Maintenance Management Systems. Because computer has become the part of our social and as well as in job activities including banking. Administrative services managersplan, coordinate, and direct a broad range of services that allow Banks to operate efficiently. They might, for example, coordinate space allocation, facilities maintenance and operations, and major property and equipment procurement. They also may oversee centralized operations that meet the needs of multiple departments, such as information and data processing, mail, materials scheduling and distribution, printing and reproduction, records management, telecommunications management, security, recycling, wellness, and transportation services. Administrative services managers also ensure that contracts, insurance requirements, and government regulations and safety standards are followed and up to date. They may examine energy consumption patterns, technology usage, and personal property needs to plan for their long-term maintenance, modernization, and replacement. The resposibilty of facility managers is to trained the banking staff, ensure the smooth accounts and mortageges operations; describe to the jobs to their employees etc. Quality and Effectiveness of Facilities Operations Senior executives and facilities managers can speak the same languageLean language! Savvy facility managers are being recognized as contributors to overall quality and profitability, and an integral part of core service delivery and manufacturing operations. managers who initiate disciplined processes are in a position to spend their budgets instead of defend them, and have the data available to confirm facilities impact on mainstream operations. It is up to facility managers to think, plan, act, and communicate in an entrepreneurial fashion. Implementing defined strategies and structures to increase quality and productivity in facility operations and maintenance, and add value to the enterprise, takes a significant, long-term commitment. Quality and Effectiveness of Facilities Operations Analysis Operations management focuses on carefully managing the processes to produce and distribute products and services. In the operations management major, overall activities often include product creation, development, production and distribution. So Costs can be substantial to store and move inventory. Innovative methods, such as Just-in-Time inventory control, can save costs and move products and services to customers more quickly. A management consulting firm specializing in facility management, real estate, operations, and administrative planning and management. For consulting assignments we match our team and services to client requirements in order to ascertain innovative solutions for our clients facility and administrative needs. We conduct a study, perform an analysis, and present an assessment with action plans, options, schedules and budget. Determining the current status provides a benchmark from which future achievements can be measured. Conclusion Facilities management operations is one of the fastest growing professions in the UK. Facilities managers are responsible formany of the buildings and services which support businesses and other types of organisation. Operations Management deals with the design and management of products, processes, services and supply chains. It considers the acquisition, development, and utilization of resources that firms need to deliver the goods and services their clients want.

A Comparison of Self-realization in Black Boy, Native Son, Rite Of Pass

Black Boy, Native Son, Rite Of Passage, and The Long Dream:   Self-realization of a Black Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   The white world dominates the political and social life in all of Richard Wright's books as Wright portrays the never-ending struggle that a young black male faces when growing up in the United States. Wright's Black Boy, Native Son, Rite Of Passage, and The Long Dream are all bound by the common theme of self-realization. In all four books, the climax occurs when a black youth realizes his position in society and the ugly future that lies ahead of him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In his autobiography Black Boy, Wright reveals his personal experience as a black maturing in a white society. The process of achieving self-realization is marked by all the verbal and physical battles that the main characters in Wright's books must fight. He makes clear what all his characters experience, when he writes in Black Boy, "I had never in my life been abused by whites, but I had already become as conditioned to their existence as though I had been the victim of a thousand lynchings" (34). The powerful presence of whites in a black youth's life is embedded since birth but emerges clearly during the period of self-realization for the black youth   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Native Son, the main character, Bigger Thomas, lives in a one-room apartment with his mother, brother, and sister in a black ghetto on the South Side of Chicago. Bigger sees whites through hate- and jealousy-filled eyes. Feelings of inferiority to whites consumes Bigger's life. However, he tries to help his family by working for a wealthy, well-respected white family. But, in a moment of fear and hysteria, Bigger commits a murder that alters his life forever. Compared to the three other ... ...: W. W. Norton and Company, 1982.   671-673. Marcus, Steven.   Appiah 35-45. Macksey, Richard and Frank E. Moorer, eds. Richard Wright. Englewood, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1984. Margolies, Edward. Native Sons. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1968. McCall, Dan.   "Wright's American Hunger."   Appiah 259-268. Stepto, Robert.   "Literacy and Ascent: Black Boy."   Appiah, 226-254. Tanner, Laura E.   "Uncovering the Magical Disguise of Language: The Narrative Presence in Richard Wright's Native Son."   Appiah 132-146. Thaddeus, Janice.   "The Metamorphosis of Black Boy."   Appiah 272-284. Wright, Richard. Black Boy. New York: Harper and Row, 1945. _____. The Long Dream. New York: Harper and Row, 1987. _____. Native Son. New York: HarperCollins, 1993. _____. Rite of Passage. New York: HarperCollins, 1994.      

Of Mice And Men :: essays research papers

In the novel Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck brings out the themes of Lonliness and companionship, and strengths and weaknesses through the actions, and quotations of the characters. Irony and foreshadowing play a large roll on how the story ends. Lennie and his habit of killing things not on purpose, but he is a victim of his own strength. George trying to pretend that his feelings for Lennie mean nothing. The entire novel is repetitive in themes and expressed views. Loneliness and Companionship are one of the many themes that are conveyed in the novel Of Mice and Men, By John Steinbeck. Many of the characters admit to suffering from loneliness within the texts. George sets the tone for these confessions early in the novel when he reminds Lennie that the life of living on a ranch is among the loneliest of lives. However Lennie, who is mentally disabled holds the idea that living on a farm very high. "Tending the rabbits" is what Lennie calls it. Often when Lennie is seaking encouragement he askes George to tell him how its going to be. Men like George who migrate from farm to farm rarely have anyone to look to for companionship and protection. George obviously cares a lot for lennie, but is too stubborn to admit to it. The feeling of being shipped from place to place leaves George feeling alone and abandoned. Strengths and Weaknesses play a huge roll within the story. Steinbeck explores different types of strength and weakness throughout the novel. As the novel begins, Steinbeck shows how Lennie possesses physical strength beyond his control, as when he cannot help killing the mouse. Great physical strength is valuable in George and Lennie's circumstances. Curley, as a symbol of authority on the ranch and a champion boxer, makes this clear immediately by using his brutish strength and violent temper to intimidate those who look down on him. Lennie means no harm at all. The reason why George and Lennie had to leave in the beginning of the novel was because it was believed that Lennie attempted to rape a woman there. Rape was not the case at all, when Lennie expressed his love for the touch of soft things, such as a dress or a mouse, this panicked the woman causing a chain reaction, and causing Lennie panic also. When Lennie accidentally kills the mouse, it foreshadows the future of Lennie and Curley's wife.